Nenda kwa yaliyomo

abstention

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Kiingereza

[hariri]

Wingi: abstentions

Nomino

[hariri]
  1. Hatua ya kujizuia kufanya jambo fulani, hasa kula, kunywa, au kushiriki katika tendo fulani.[1]
  2. Kutojihusisha na kura kwa hiari katika mchakato wa kupiga kura.[2]
  3. Kukataa kushiriki kwa sababu za maadili, imani au msimamo binafsi.[3]

Tafsiri

[hariri]

Marejeo

[hariri]
  1. ↑ Oxford English Dictionary, "abstention", 2025.
  2. ↑ Merriam-Webster Dictionary, "abstention", 2025.
  3. ↑ Cambridge Dictionary, "abstention", 2025.
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